Tá insa leabhar so aistí agus dialanna do scríbh Theobald Wolfe Tone insna blianta idir 1791 agus 1798, ’na thaobh féin agus i dtaobh na n‑imeachtaí agus na ngnóthaí, idir phoiblí agus príobháideach, go raibh sé páirteach iontu. Tá ann mar aon leó-san nithe do scríbh a mhac chun na mbeárthnacha ’ líonadh a thárla i dtuairisc an athar nú de dheascaibh cuid de sna dialanna a scríbh sé ’ bheith caillthe. An leabhar a chuir a mhac, William, in eagar, agus a foílsíodh i Washington sa bhliain 1826, ’sé is bun údaráis leis an aistriúchán so. Níor bhacas leis na paimpléidí ná na meamraim pholaitíochta atá sa leabhar san de bhrí a fhaid agus a thruime a bhí an saothar so dá n‑iúnais, agus de bhrí ná fuil aon léiriú nua iontu ar thuairimí ná ar mheón an té a scríbh iad seochas mar atá cheana le fáil nú le tuiscint insna dialanna. Thugas Beatha mar theideal coiteann ar an meascra le chéile.

Níor leanas den órd a bhí ar na habhair sa bhun-leabhar ná in aon ath-eagrán de dár foílsíodh ó 1826. Tá ath-órd curtha orthu d’fhonn iad a bheith i ndiaidh ’ chéile i gcómh-fhreagairt do ghluaiseacht na haimsire. Táid siad roinnte ’na rannaibh i bhfuirm caibidlí, fé theidil agus fo-theidil. D’fhonn cabhair a thabhairt don léitheóir chun nithe áirithe d’aimsiú, táid na nithe deiridh sin ar fad bailithe i dtosach an leabhair i bhfuirm cláir, in inead an index nárbh fiú, dar liom, a chur le haistriúchán mar seo.
An tAistritheóir.

I: Óige Wolfe Tone (1763-1782)
Tuairisc ar a mhuíntir, ar a dhriotháracha agus ar a dhrifír. Tone ar scoil. A bheag-dhícheall chun foghlama. Suím i saighdiúireacht. A dhul go Coláiste na Tríonóide.
Paris, Lúnasa 7, 1796
Ó thárla go mbead i gcionn roinnt laethe ag dul i mbun gnótha nách fios cad é a dheireadh, bainfead feidhm as an dtráth atá ar mo thoil agam chun beagáin a chur ar pháipéar, im thaobh féin agus i dtaobh mo mhuíntire, a dhéanfaidh abhar taithnimh dom chlaínn mhac má thagann ar ball ar láimh chúthu.
Do rugadh me i mBaile Átha Cliath an 20ú lá den Mheitheamh, 1763. Feirmeóir conáigh dob ea mo sheanathair in aice le Nás na Rí i gCúntae Chíll Dara. Thit sé lá de stáca dá chuid féin agus do maraíodh é agus tháinig a chuid fé léas saor-ghabhálthais i seilbh m’athar, an mac ba shine leis, a bhí uim an am san go rafar i mbun gnótha ’na shaor cóiste. Dá bhrí sin, do chuir sé an talamh a tháinig mar sin chuige ar cíos chun an driothár dob óige ’ bhí aige, ní dá dtáinig iomad de chúrsaí dlí eatarthu ar deireadh, gurbh é críoch a bhí ar an scéal ná breithiúntas i gcúirt an tSainsiléara i gcoinnibh m’athar, rud d’fhág beó bocht ’na dhiaidh é—ach tráchtfam air sin arís.
Lamport dob ainm dom mháthair agus iníon dob ea í do Chaptaein luinge a bhíodh ag tráchtáil leis an India Thiar, agus, de réir na scéaltha ’ fuaras air óm mháthair, duine fé leith dob ea é. Do bhí driotháir aici a bhí ’na mharaí tréitheach a bhí ’na chéad Lieutenant ar bórd an Buckingham fén Aimiréal Tirrell, oifigeach mór-chlú i seirbhís na Breataine.
Mise sínsear na clainne mac, ach sara dtosnaíod ar mo stair féin, ní mór dhom beagán a rá i dtaobh mo dhriotháracha. Do ceapadh do William, a rugadh i mí Lúnasa, 1764, go raghadh sé le tráchtáil agus, dá bhrí sin, do cuireadh ar príntíseacht é, in aois a cheithre mblian ndéag, chun reiceadóra cáilmhair leabhar. An fhaid a bhí sé ’na theannta-súd, do léigh gach a bhfuair d’eachtraithe farraige agus roinnt de stair mhileata, agus leó-san do hadhnadh bruith-thine fé mheón a bhí teasaí díograsach ó dhúchas i dtreó, in aois sé mblian ndéag do, gur éalaigh leis go Lúndain agus go ndeighidh in’ óglach i seirbhís Chuallachta an India Thoir; ach níor éirigh an t‑ádh leis sa chéad iarracht san; mar, in inead an India ’ bhaint amach, is amhlaidh a cuireadh cosc leis ag oileán St. Helena, agus thug sé tréimhse sé mblian ar an lom-charraig sin, ar an lucht cosanta, nú gur fhíll sé ar an Úróip ar bheith dá théarma caite. Is mór an chreidiúint do, bíodh go raibh sé i gcoidreamh go hóg le cuideachtanas den chineál mí-thréitheach a bhí, ní foláir, le fáil i measc na saighdiúirí a bhí i seirbhís na Cuallachta, gur ghoibh sé tríothu gan truaillíocht a nós ná a bprínseabal do ghoilliúint air.

As you can see, I don't want to just flick through this book, but study it in-depth. I can't tell others they must go at my slow pace. For one thing, I'm having to transcribe the book - for eventual publication - although the book falls out of copyright only in about 10 years' time.

1. A bheag-dhícheall chun foghlama: a totally unnatural word. Laíghead a dhíchill would have been better.
2. I mbun gnótha: this is a reference to the French expedition to Bantry Bay under Lazare Hoche in December 1796. The expedition was a fiasco, with not one man successfully landed on the Irish coast. Wolfe Tone was on board the French ship Indomptable during the expedition.
3. Mo sheanathair: Wolfe Tone’s grandfather was William Tone (1706-1766), a farmer in Naas, Co. Kildare, who was killed by falling from a haystack.
4. Saor-ghabhálthas: freehold
5. Tháinig a chuid fé léas saor-ghabhálthais i seilbh: I adjusted this from ar seilbh. Does anyone know if "ar seilbh" exists or what dialect it is from?
6. M'athar: Wolfe Tone’s father was Peter Tone (ca. 1740-1805), who ran a business as a coachmaker in Stafford Street, Dublin. As explained here, he rented out a farm near Clane that he had inherited to his younger brother, Jonathan, a retired lieutenant. Litigation with his brother over the farm led to his financial ruin, forcing him to leave Dublin and return to Clane, before losing the farm. Peter Tone’s return to Clane is thought to have been around 1778, when Wolfe Tone was 15, leaving him in lodgings with friends in Dublin as he completed his education.
7. Cúirt an tSainsiléara: the Court of Chancery in London. This has nothing to do with sainsiléir in the meaning of "salt-cellar".
8. Dom mháthair: Wolfe Tone’s mother was Margaret Lamport (ca. 1740-1818), of Drogheda, Co. Louth. She was born a Catholic and was granted a bishop’s certificate in 1771 stating that she had converted to the Church of Ireland.
9. Ag tráchtáil leis an India Thiar: the original had "don India Thoir". I don't think "don" is right here. also the West India trade (in the English version) means trade with the West Indies in the antiquated English and India Thoir was just wrong.
10. Duine fé leith: I interpret this as "a real character". I have replaced "duine ar leith", which I don't believe to be right, or maybe is a dialectal form I don't know.
11. Aimiréal Tirrell: Admiral Tyrrell in the English edition. Probably Rear Admiral Richard Tyrell (ca. 1716-1766), an Irish officer in the British navy who spent most of his career in the West Indies.
12. Breatain: Great Britain (not Wales, here).
13. Ní mór dhom: adjusted from ní mór dom.
14. William: William: adjusted here from Liam. William Henry Tone (1764-1802) became a mercenary with the East India company, and left Ireland for good, bound for India, in 1792. He worked for the Mahrattas, who were allied with the British, and became a noted expert on the Mahratta polity, penning A letter to an officer on the Madras establishment, being an attempt to illustrate some particular institutions of the Mahratta people, principally relative to their system of war and finance, published in Bombay in 1798. He was killed by a bullet during the storming of a fort near Choli Maheswur and is buried near Poona.
15. nDéag: adjusted from déag.
16. Cuallacht an India Thoir: the East India Company. India Thoir is substituted for Oir-India and Oir-Indiathach throughout. No attempt is made to decline India for the genitive (i.e. there is no h-prefixation), accepting an India Thoir as a fixed phrase.
17. Úróip: substituted for Eoraip here and throughout. Eoraip was an obsolete word revived in the modern period.
18. Ar bheith dá théarma caite: it is worth noting how frequently PÓS likes to use impersonal constructions with do, meaning here “upon his term being up”. This gives a literary feel to the work.
19. I gcoidreamh le is preferred in this addition where the original text had ar. Does i gcoidreamh ar exist?

Please post questions on the sections of text above. What words or grammatical constructions are unclear?

Glossary for the text so far


abhar: subject; matter, material, /aur/. Note: this is not ábhar.
adhnaim, adhaint: to kindle, /əinimʹ, eintʹ/.
aimiréal: admiral.
ainm: name, pronounced /anʹimʹ/.
aistritheóir: translator, pronounced /aʃtʹirʹi'ho:rʹ/.
An India Thiar: West India. The English here has “the West India trade”, although the West Indies was probably intended. The West Indies is also found as na hÍndiatha Thiar here.
arna: after having been, pronounced /ernə/; used with the verbal noun.
ath-eagrán: new edition, /'ɑhɑgə'rɑ:n/.
ath-órd: rearrangement, /ɑ'ho:rd/.
bainim, baint amach: to reach.
beag-dhícheall: lack of effort. This is a contrived word that could be phrased as laíghead a dhíchill.
beárna: gap. The plural used here is beárthnacha, /bʹa:rhnəxə/, substituted for bearnacha in the original text.
Breatain: this is usually Wales, but used for Great Britain here.
brí: meaning. De bhrí, by reason of. De bhrí go/ná, because, since, by virtue of the fact that.
bruith-thine: boiling fire, /brihinʹi/.
bun-leabhar: original work, /'bunˌlʹour/.
bun: bottom, base. I mbun gnótha, attending to/in charge of/engaged in business.
cáilmhar: celebrated, /kɑ:lʹvər/.
captaein: captain, /kɑp'te:nʹ/. This is adjusted from captaen throughout.
cheana: already, pronounced /hɑnə/.
coidreamh: intercourse, association, /kodʹirʹəv/. I gcoidreamh le is preferred in this addition where the original text had ar.
coiteann: common, general.
coláiste: college, /klɑ:ʃtʹi/.
cómh-fhreagairt: correspondence, agreement, /'ko:ˌrʹagirtʹ/.
conách: prosperity, /kə'nɑ:x/.
cuid: part. Dá chuid féin, of his own, belonging to him.
cuideachtanas: company.
Cúirt an tSainsiléara: Court of Chancery. (Sainsiléir does not mean salt-cellar here).
cúntae: county, or contae in GCh, pronounced /ku:n'te:/.
cur amach: edition, pronounced /ˌkər ə'mɑx/.
d’fhonn: in order to, with a view to, /du:n/.
deasca: gleaning; result. De dheascaibh, in consequence of.
dialann: diary.
díograsach: substituted for díograiseach here and throughout, /dʹi:g(ə)rəsəx/.
driofúr: sister, /drʹi'fu:r~drʹi'fʹu:r/. Drifír is the dative.
driotháir: brother, /drʹi'ha:rʹ/.
eachtra: adventure or a story about an adventure, /ɑxtərə/.
faid: length, or fad in GCh.
feidhm: force, effect, pronounced /fʹəimʹ/.
feirmeóir: farmer, pronounced /fʹerʹi'mʹo:rʹ/.
fo-theideal: subtitle.
foghlaim: study, /foulimʹ/.
fuirm: form, or foirm in GCh. Pronounced /firʹimʹ/.
Gaelainn (an Ghaelainn): the Irish language, or Gaeilge/an Ghaeilge in GCh, which has generalised use of the (Connemara) genitive. Pronounced /ge:liŋʹ/.
gheibhim, fáil: to get, find, /jəimʹ, fɑ:lʹ/. The preterite fuaireas and similar forms has been adjusted to fuaras etc throughout in this edition. Fríth, was found, received, a dated past autonomous, a form of fuaradh.
i ndiaidh ’ chéile: one after the other, in succession, /nʹiə xʹe:lʹi/.
imeachtaí: proceedings, pronounced /i'mʹaxti:/. Imeachta is also found in the plural in Munster Irish.
inead: place. This is substituted for ionad throughout the text. In inead, instead of.
iúnais: absence, lack, or íonais in GCh.
lá: day. The plural is usually laethanta, but laethe is found here.
léas: lease, /lʹe:s/. Fé léas saor-ghabálthais translates his property, being freehold leases in the English original.
leath: side, with leith in the dative. Fé leith, separate, special, remarkable. Duine fé leith, a real original, a right character.
lom-charraig: bare rock.
long: ship, with luinge in the genitive.
lucht cosanta: guard, garrison.
Lúndain : London.
maraí: mariner.
meamram: parchment; memo, pronounced /mʹamərəm/.
meascra: miscellany, pronounced /mʹaskərə/.
mí-thréitheach: unpromising, untalented.
mileata: military, /mʹilʹətə/. This is spelt míleata in GCh.
ní mór dhom: I must, /nʹi: muər əm/. Adjusted from ní mór dom.
nú: or, or nó in GCh.
óglach: volunteer (military), /o:gələx/.
paimpléad: pamphlet, or paimfléad in GCh, with plaimpléidí in the plural. Pronounced /pɑmʹ'plʹe:d, pɑmʹ'plʹe:dʹi:/.
prínseabal: principle; substituted for prionsabal.
príntíseacht: apprenticeship.
reiceadóir: seller, vendor. This translates “bookseller” in one passage here.
roínn: division, section, with ranna in the plural.
saighdiúireacht: military service, /səi'dʹu:rʹəxt/.
saor cóiste: coach-maker.
saor-ghabálthas: freehold, /ˌse:rɣə'vɑ:lhəs/.
sara: before. This is substituted for sula wherever found, although both forms were given in the original text in various places.
scrím, scrí’: to write. Scríbh is substituted for scríobh in the preterite throughout. Scrígh is also found in Munster Irish in this meaning. All forms of this verb and the verbal noun are spelt here in line with the pronunciation.
seilbh: possession, pronounced /ʃelʹivʹ/.
seirbhís: service, pronounced /ʃerʹi'vʹi:ʃ/.
seochas: besides, other than. This is substituted in this edition for seachas.
stáca: stack of corn.
taithneamh: pleasure, or taitneamh in GCh, pronounced /taŋʹhəv/.
tarna: second. This is subsituted for dara throughout the text.
teasaí: hot-tempered.
teideal: title. This is adjusted from tideal in the original, but the pronunciation may be with /i/ or /e/.
téim, dul: “to go”. The dependent form (which does not take the ro particle) is not always used after go in WM Irish in the past tense, but is used here as go ndeighidh, /nʹəigʹ/, equivalent to gur chuaigh.
tionntaím, tionntó: to turn (to translate in context here). Pronounced /tʹu:n'ti:mʹ, tʹu:n'tu:/. This word is not used in this sense in WM Irish.
tosach: beginning, /tə'sɑx/.
tosnaím, tosnú: to begin, or tosaím, tosú in GCh.
tráchtáil: trading, commerce.
tréitheach: gifted, talented.
truime: heaviness; denseness, thickness, or troime in GCh.
Úróip: substituted for Eoraip here and throughout. Eoraip was an obsolete word revived in the modern period.

There are ~7 examples by native speakers (with possession/or) in corpas.focloir.ie (3 of them from Kerry, e.g. Chun teacht ar sheilbh an ruda nach bhfuil agat)
FGB has 2 examples (Níl pingin ar mo sheilbh; Tugadh an áit ar a sheilbh)



FGB: (leath) 2. Ar leith, faoi leith, apart, separate; several, distinct; remarkable, special.



You can (acc. to FGB) have "caidreamh ar" someone or you can put "caidreamh ar" someone,
It would be obvious to be also "i gcaidreamh ar" someone.

OK, those show they may exist somewhere, but weren't in Father Peter's corpus of Irish. The example you gave of ar sheilbh, isn't of ar seilbh with no lenition.

I meant "in my edition", not "addition".

In any case, I don't expect many to approve of my attempted Muskerryisationi of the text. I am doing that, but without touching the core vocabulary (only grammatical words and expressions but not the main nouns and verbs).

Fuair sé faill, fiú amháin, san inead úiríseal agus sa bhall uaigneach úd, chun a aigne ’ shaothrú roinnt, ionas gurbh iúnadh liom, nuair a casadh i Lúndain orm é, tar éis é ’ bheith scartha linn ocht mbliana, measaim, go bhfuaras iompar duine uasail ann, agus eólas cuíosach aige ar na ranna is feárr de litríocht an Bhéarla. Do bhí éirim filíochta ó dhúchas ann, agus bhí san saothraithe go maith aige agus tá agam, i measc mo chuid páipéar, leabhar dá chuid dánta, iad uile go deas agus cuid acu go snasta. Buachaill breá dea-dhéanaimh dob ea é, é dea-labhartha, agus taithneamh mór ag mnáibh do agus cion thar cuímse aige-sin orthu-san. Sháraigh sé Caesar i gcalmacht, agus bhí éileamh ar an arm aige. Ní fhéadfadh aon bheirt fhear cion níos dílse agus, mura miste dhom á rá, níos díograsaí a bheith ar a chéile acu ná mar ’ bhí ag beirt againn-na; agus, i láthair na huaire seo, níl [aon] ní is mó ’ ghoilleann orm ná sinn a bheith scartha ó chéile.
Tar éis a trí nú a ceathair de bhlianta ’ chaitheamh san Úróip, agus m’athair, mar aduart, go beó bocht tar éis na gcúrsaí dlí do bhí idir é féin agus a dhriotháir, bheartaigh William dul ag lorg a fhoirtiúin uair eile go hIndia agus, ó bheith dhom féin i ndeireadh na feide i gcúrsaí airgid, níor ghabhas orm a mhalairt a chómhairliú dho. Dá bhrí sin, chuaigh sé ar ais i seirbhís na Cuallachta i dtosach na bliana agus do shrois Madras tuairim deireadh na bliana san. Trí fheabhas a dhea-phearsan agus a dhea-labharthachta, mar aon leis na dea-thréithe eile d’áiríos a bheith ann, bhuaigh sé céim chómh hárd san i dtuairim Colonel an chatha ’na dtug sé seirbhís, go dtug súd cead scurtha dho, agus leitreacha chun a cháirde i gCalcutta, agus oifigeachas beag armála mar aon leis sin, ní a thug turas gan chostas do. Do sholáthraigh sé ’na theannta san do ón gCuallacht nuair a shrois ceann cúrsa, caogaid púnt airgid mar bhronntanas gradaim mar gheall ar a dhea-iompar ar an slí. B’é gníomh a dhein sé ná gur chuir sé fé chois ceannairc bhagarthach d’éirigh i measc na ndubh-shaighdiúirí féna réir go raibh rún ceilge ceapaithe acu chun na luinge ’ ghabháil agus imeacht léi.
Do cheap an mhuíntir go dtug sé na leitreacha aitheantais dóibh i gCalcutta tuairim chómh maith san do gur chuireadar in aithne é le mór-mholadh do Mr. Marigny, oifigeach Franncach, an tarna duine in uachtaránacht an airm ag an Nísam, agus a bhí an uair chéanna i gCalcutta ag ceannach stór armála don phriúnsa san. Thug Marigny, mar gheall air sin, inead oifigigh do i seirbhís an Nísaim agus do gheall ceannas a thabhairt do ar chath órdanáis (an tseirbhís ba rogha leis) chómh luath agus do shroisfidís an t-arm. Nuair a bhí na stóir, &rl, ceannaithe, ghluais William leis an gcéad roínn, féna cheannas féin, agus do bhain longphort an Nísaim amach gan óspairt. I gcionn tamaill tháinig Marigny, leis, chun cínn, ach, trí óspairt gan choinne, d’imigh leaghadh cúir na habhann ar an uile abhar dóchais dá raibh ageam dhriotháir. D’éirigh easaontas idir Mharigny agus an Franncach uachtaráin, agus ní leogfadh an mhí-dhiscréid onóra dom dhriotháir gan páirt a ghabháil ar thaobh a charad ann. B’é ’ tháinig as gur cuireadh Marigny i ngéibhinne, agus d’imeódh an íde chéanna ar William mura mbeadh é d’éileamh coimirce, i dtaobh bheith ’na ghéillsineach don Bhreatain, ar an gCómhnaitheach Sasanach i gcúirt an Nísaim.

1. Is roinnt OK as an adverb at the end like this (chun a aigne ' shaothrú roinnt)?
2. Sháraigh sé Caesar: the English has Caesar, the Irish Oscar, but there is no evidence that Wolf Tone, who lived in an Anglo-Irish bubble and mixed with Protestants only, as this book shows, had ever heard of Oscar.
3. I gcalmacht: adjusted from ar chalmacht.
4. Dá n-abraínn é: adjusted from mura miste dom á rá.
5. I láthair na huaire seo: adjusted from ar an uair seo.
6. Ag lorg a fhoirtiúin: adjusted from ag cuardadh a fhortúna.
7. Go hIndia: adjusted from don India.
8. Colonel and Mr.: lenition removed as these are foreign titles.
9. Calcutta: adjusted from Calcuit.
10. Mar gheall ar: adjusted from as ucht.
11. Historically, William Tone quelled a rebellion of sepoys in India, and so the “black” soldiers referred to here were Indian.
12. Thus é leitreacha chúthu: adjusted to dóibh.
13. An Nísam: the Nizam of Hyderabad, the prince of the largest of the Indian principalities. The reference here is to Nizam Ali Khan, Asaf Jah II (1734-1803), the 5th Nizam of Hyderabad (1762-1803).
14. Tháinig chun cínn; this means "followed him" here. Is there wider attestation of this meaning?
15. Ageam: adjusted from ag mo.
16. Mura: adjusted from muna.
17. I dtaobh: adjusted from i leith.
18. cónaitheach: resident, the British resident being a consular official in the court of the Nizam. The reference here is to Sir John Kennaway (1758-1836), British resident in Hyderabad 1788-1794.

arm: army, /ɑrəm/.
bagarthach: menacing.
calmacht: bravery, strength, /kɑləməxt/.
caogaid: fifty. Adjusted from caoga.
cath: battalion.
cead scurtha: discharge. This is cead scortha in GCh.
ceann cúrsa: destination.
ceannairc: mutiny.
ceannas: authority, command.
coimirce: protection.
cónaitheach: resident, the British resident being a consular official in the court of the Nizam.
cuímse: due proportion. Thar cuímse, beyond the right limits.
cúr: froth, foam.
dea-dhéanaimh: handsome, well-built.
dea-iompar: good behaviour, good conduct. Adjusted from deighiomchur.
dea-labhartha: well-spoken, /dʹa'lourhə/.
dea-labharthacht: the quality of being well-spoken (“a good address” in the English original). Pronounced /dʹa'lourhəxt/.
dea-phearsa: a good figure. Adjusted from deigh-phearsa. Although some such combinations are pronounced deigh, it seems PÓS was just employing the caol le caol rule here.
dea-thréith: good quality, adjusted from deigh-thréith.
dubh-shaighdiúir: black soldier, /ˌduvhəidʹu:rʹ/.
éileamh: claim, but also a desire for something.
faill: chance, opportunity.
fead: whistle. I ndeireadh na feide, at the last gasp.
gabháil ort: to undertake, assume to.
géibhinn: captivity.
géillsineach: subject (of the Crown).
gradam: distinction, esteem. The genitive gradaim is substituted for the original gradama.
i dtaobh: regarding, by way of.
leighim, leaghadh: to melt, or leáim, leá in GCh. D’imigh leaghadh cúir na habhann air, “it melted into thin air”. Pronounced /lʹəimʹ, lʹəi/.
leitreacha aitheantais: letters of introduction, /lʹetʹirʹəxə ɑhəntiʃ/.
leogaim, leogaint: to allow, or ligim, ligean in GCh.
longphort: camp, pronounced /luŋfərt/. GCh spells this longfort.
mí-dhiscréid: indiscretion.
mór-mholadh: great praise.
mura: if not, unless. Adjusted from muna.
oifigeachas armála: a military command, /ofʹigʹəxəs ɑrə'mɑ:lə/.
órdanás: ordnance.
óspairt: mishap, injury.
réir: adjusted from riar. Féna réir, “in his service”.
rún ceilge: plot, /ru:n kʹelʹigʹi/.
sáraím, sárú: to surpass.
snasta: polished, elegant.
soláthraím, soláthar: “to get, procure; provide”, pronounced /slɑ:r'hi:mʹ, slɑ:hər/.
sroisim, sroisint: to reach, or sroichim, sroicheadh in GCh. Shrois is substituted for shroich and throughout.
teacht chun cínn: this is used here to mean “to follow”.
uachtarán: superior. The genitive is used in an adjective sense to mean “first in command” here.
uaigneach: lonely, desolate, /uəgʹinʹəx/.
úiríseal: lowly.