Jay Bee wrote:
Can somebody explain their methodology?
It's hard to distill it to a simple philosophy. DuoLingo's core idea is one of "active" learning, but that's rather meaningless.
There are several main activity types in DuoLingo:
New vocabulary items are often introduced as a click-the-picture type of exercise (choice of 3). This is a bit ridiculous though, as they give you the word in your native language, and the target language version is the caption to the picture. You probably think you haven't understood, because this is just weird. You'll be asked for "fish", and then you click "iasc", which is sitting below a great big picture of a fish. Weird, unfathomable decision.
In some languages (eg German), they have a two part task for nouns with articles -- select the article from a multiple choice list (of three) then type in the noun. I haven't encountered this in the Irish course yet, and I don't know whether that means they didn't include it.
Then there are multiple choice translations -- "click all correct translations" -- and it's a choice of three again, and the translation can be English to Irish, or Irish to English.
There are also straight textual translations, where you type the translation. Again, this is either English to Irish or Irish to English.
There are also "dictation" exercises, where you type out the Irish that you hear in the audio.
Finally, you have the pronunciation practice, where you copy what you hear in the audio.
The app for iOS and Android has one extra type of exercise, using a "fridge poetry" type of thing. It's basically the translation exercise (again either Irish to English or English to Irish) but with the answer split into words with a bunch of unneeded words added in. You reconstruct the answer by tapping each word you need in turn.
So that's the question types. Now about course progression.
The course is divided into topics, some of which are grammatically led, and others of which are more about specific vocabulary (eg food). You are therefore encouraged to do everything in order... but of course the grammar is practiced in the vocabulary things too, so it's actually not necessary to get each topic to "gold" every time.
The progression is managed in a "gamified" way, so you're trying to complete "levels" without running out of "lives". This leads to the weird situation where you can encounter really difficult stuff, and get no points for the ones you get right because you run out of lives and fail to complete the level, whereas you can get lots of points when you are randomly given a very easy set of questions that don't really require much practice.
(For example, as an advanced learner of Scottish Gaelic, I can generally do the Irish->English exercises with no specific prior knowledge of Irish, whereas I would have no chance of getting it right the other way around.)
The "gamification" thing really does bug me. I remember reading years ago, when "gamification" was a relatively new idea, an opinion by a games programmer (and university lecturer) who said that gamification was nonsense. He pointed out that all game-playing is a process of learning, and that a good game encouraged playing through having a balanced learning curve. A game that doesn't get difficult quick enough feels too long, and a game that gets difficult too quickly just frustrates the user. All this stuff about "awards" and "achievements" isn't really the core of what makes a game fun, or what makes the player "learn" the game (and there are games that I played in my childhood that I've gone back to after almost 20 years untouched, and I've remembered the mechanics and the level layout surprisingly well).
Oh dear. My laptop's about to die. Strange power fault. I'll finish this later, if I can.
Cheerio for now.
Edit: OK, it didn't die, so I'll continue writing.
Anyhow, DuoLingo has a problem with unnaturalness.
For example, today I was asked to translated "cheese and bread", but in English, the natural order is "bread and cheese". I've no idea, therefore, of whether the correct ordering is "cáis agus arán" or "arán agus cáis" in Irish.
Then there is the tendency to use fragments instead of full sentences. "Tá sé" is a valid fragment, but it's not a full sentence (or if it is, it's a very rare one). This becomes more of a problem when something has a different translation as a sentence vs a fragment. EG. "I speak Irish" -- if you interpret it as a sentence, it's unambiguously "tá gaeilge agam"... but if it's not a sentence, it could be part of a sentence such as "I speak Irish at work", which is completely different. So there's two dangers in it -- you might learn wrong, or you might just remain so unclear of what the message means that you don't really "learn" at all.