By the way I’d love input of someone more competent on this Old Irish. I myself get mixed feelings about it, some things look right and some
really weird – it might be that parts of the text are gibberish or might be that I just don’t really understand the structure or idiom (quite possibly the second one).
So for example
not-gora a thess amal for ‘its heat may warm you like…[/i] with the infixed object pronoun
-t after empty particle
no- seems sensible to me.
is móa cech laithe in chuntabart in accar-sa Dublinn iarmothá and
Is maith fom-chíallathar Sadb also looked fine (assuming that
fo·cíallathar takes direct object in the meaning ‘care for…’, I guess it does from the example
fon·rochled… ‘
we have been cared for…’, if not I possibly mistranslated it?).
But then we get the
is fota limm co gér tú which seems basically like modern Irish
is fada liom go géar tú and it puzzles me.
First, if it is a copula sentence with
tú being its subject, then instead of
is … tú I’d expect conjugated copula form,
it/at … for ‘you are’. OIr. did conjugate copula by persons. As far as I know, standalone pronouns were used with copula but only for fronting, to state ‘it’s me/you/him that…’ – and then the pronouns are predicates, not subjects:
is mé… is tú… it é (‘it is me…, it is you…, these are they…’).
So my feeling is it doesn’t really makes a grammatical sentence (but not sure, I might be wrong). So I wondered if
co gér tú couldn’t be some verb instead, ‘until something you’, but then again
tú doesn’t fit in any way (especially when other verbs take direct objects as infix pronouns), so I assume it’s the subject of the copula here.
But if that’s correct, then
is fota limm co gér tú, like
is fada liom go géar tú, afaik, doesn’t really make sense. Ie. it’d mean
I (intensely?) find you to be long. I interpreted it as
I miss you… only because of the
is fada liom go… (‘I find (the time) until … to be long’ for ‘I long for/to’) structure. But in that structure you find the time long, not the person…
Similarly it uses
íat so for ‘those’, but afaik the Old Irish pronoun for ‘they’ was
é (just like ‘he’) and
íat (modern
(s)iad) is a later development.
But maybe it was already used in the viking age when the game takes place? In 9th century the language would be transitioning to Middle Irish (or maybe even completely transitioned, just showing archaisms in writing), so maybe those things (
tú as independent (copula subject?) pronoun,
íat as 3rd.pl. pronoun, besides the infixed pronouns in other places) are used consciously by the author, whoever it is?
I’d love to see someone more competent commenting on that stuff.