Bungus mac wrote:
I'm afraid I'm confused. This quote provided seems to suggest that the "h" was a more recent development.
I will say also that looking at many Gaelic revival texts from the time. The punc seems to be universal in those works.
Quote:
Mar a chonacthas thuas, scríobhtar agus cuirtear h i gcló as Gaeilge mar atá sí á scríobh agus á cur i gcló sa lá atá inniu ann, ach sna lámhscríbhinní agus i gcuid mhaith de na foinsí a cuireadh i gcló go dtí le déanaí sa "Chló Gaelach" bhaintí úsáid as ponc an scriosta mar chomhartha don séimhiú in áit h." Stair na Gaeilge, p. 39.
It now seems to me that the "h" fell out of use during the Gaelic revival and then was brought back later. This incidentally made many words longer. Those words were then chopped down by spelling reforms later.
I don't think it suggests that.
For context, the section in which the quote appears is titled
Litriú na Nua-Ghaeilge roimh an gCaighdeán Oifigiúil. As such, the quote refers specifically to lenition in the recent pre-caighdeán period, but later than the Old or Middle Irish periods. As I've mentioned above, the use of
h to indicate lenition goes back to the earliest Old Irish sources. Ahlqvist was not only aware of this, but discussed it in the preceding section.
As you say, the punctum seems to be universal in Gaelic revival texts. I agree that it is very common in texts from this period, but strictly speaking it is not universal. Examples of
h do occur in texts from this period, typically where the
cló gaelach was not used. If you'd like to take a look at the following example it will demonstrate this point. This is the first page of the initial volume of the newspaper
An Gaodhal, dated 1881. You can see from the title, which is not in
cló gaelach, that lenition is indicated using
h, however, just below follows a discussion of lenition (which is referred to as aspiration), and as the examples are in the
cló gaelach the punctum is used to indicate it.
You can actually see in some sources how specific the use of the
cló gaelach was to text written in Irish. For example, if you look at texts like
the letters of Peadar Ua Laoghaire, you'll see that he used cursive when writing English, but the
cló gaelach for Irish. If you find an Irish text from this period written in any script other than the
cló gaelach, however, you are more likely to find that
h is used to indicate lenition. Examples of this occur in both roman script and ogham, however, because of the preference for the
cló gaelach during the Gaelic revival period they are comparatively rare.
With all of that being said, it occurs to me that a simple rephrasing of the original question may resolve the issue. If we were instead to inquire "when did the use of the punctum become the more common method for representing lenition in Irish", I think the answer is probably some time during the 19th century.