I'm not sure what the past tense for the copula is.
For instance, I know that "That is a dog == Is madra é sin"
But how would you say "That was a dog"?
Also, how would you sat "That was the language of the Druids"?

ba


Ba mhadra é sin.


Ba í sin teanga na ndraoithe.

Thanks. But why doesn't "í sin" come at the end in the Druid sentence since "é sin" comes at the end of the dog sentence?

Both sentences are different.
The dog sentence is a classification (That is "a" dog),
the druid sentence is an identification (That is "the" language of the druids.)

In identification sentences demonstrative adjectives (e.g. in "an teanga seo") and demonstrative pronouns (like "í sin", "é seo", etc.) almost always come first.
It would sound strange putting them in the last position there.
(This would put too much emphasis on the other constituent, here "teanga na ndraoithe", which is rarely useful.)

In classification sentences the class noun ("a dog") always comes first no matter what else occurs.

Let me see if I have this right.

That was a dog == Ba mhadra é sin

That was the dog == Ba é sin an madra

Do I have that correct?

Also, while I'm thinking about it, I know teanga is feminine, but are all specific languages feminine?
That is, are Gaeilge, Sasana, Ruisis, etc all gramatically feminine?

All languages' names are feminine except "Béarla". (Sasana means England)
Historically, "béarla" doesn't mean "English" but "language".

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