Murchadh, I agree with your point of view, so perhaps I didn't come across very clearly. I have always recognized the contribution made to Irish by dedicated people, it is the placemen I have a problem with. And it was these placemen who had control in the 50s when most of the damage was done. This damage has continued under the inheritors of that outlook - i.e
the more Anglicized the language became the more popular it would be??? I am reminded of a comment made some years ago (can't remember the name) "Irish will survive but I wont understand it" And that's my point. Official Irish is a dog's dinner that is incomprehensible to all outside that clique and maybe inside it too.

Agus a Jay Bee, I take your point about the possibility of Koine. But where would you start? Can you imagine the infighting among various interest groups in each Gaeltacht, all clamouring for their "share" that would result in a new version of the Caighdeán. We could call this An Chaighdeán Núa. I look at Spain which has spent more than one life time trying to make Castilliano the official language among all Spaniards. The desire for regional autonomy has strengthened local dialects there instead. What about English. It is estimated that there are about 4000 variations world wide. Can you imagine trying to standardize them. I assume
that that is why they have Standard English - but I have never heard anyone speak it. So, let us keep the various dialects and sub-dialects. They give people a sense of place and while a person from Casla speaking to a person from An Rinn might not understand all the nuances of each other's dialect they will certainly be able to have an interesting conversation.

The Koine would probably be a set of possible lexico-grammar and semantic choices, whihc might be just redoing the Caighdeán. Maybe one dialect should have been taken as the official (such as Mayo)

_________________
__̴ı̴̴̡̡̡ ̡͌l̡̡̡ ̡͌l̡*̡̡ ̴̡ı̴̴̡ ̡̡͡|̲̲̲͡͡͡ ̲▫̲͡ ̲̲̲͡͡π̲̲͡͡ ̲̲͡▫̲̲͡͡ ̲|̡̡̡ ̡ ̴̡ı̴̡̡ ̡͌l̡̡̡̡.___

As an aside, I recognise now why some people were unhappy with the respelling. I've just spent 4 days on a side project (that's why there have been no more updates on this thread despite all the research on the cosmos having been done) and going thru O'Dinneen, and a word that I always found hard to say in its modern form Gaeilg(e) suddenly becomes very easy when you see it was:

An Ghaeidhealg
An teanga Gaeidheailge
leis an nGaeidheailg

The smooth 'tracking' of the tongue thru the diphthong/triphthong is more nuanced as compared to the simple vowel é (a bit liek the difference between Muscavado or coconut sugar and processed white sugar), so it's true something was lost.

Also, since short back vowels are often run together, it would be interesting to see an orthography that kept nuances like the above yet collapsed unimportant differences (maybe lots of schwas, lol)

_________________
__̴ı̴̴̡̡̡ ̡͌l̡̡̡ ̡͌l̡*̡̡ ̴̡ı̴̴̡ ̡̡͡|̲̲̲͡͡͡ ̲▫̲͡ ̲̲̲͡͡π̲̲͡͡ ̲̲͡▫̲̲͡͡ ̲|̡̡̡ ̡ ̴̡ı̴̡̡ ̡͌l̡̡̡̡.___

I had this list done, but didn't get round to putting it up. I had to make up some of the terms as they couldn't be found online, so any correction would be appreciated (in the original document I had the coins marked)


The cosmos (An cosmas)
Big bang -an Ollphléasc
Galactic expansion -fairsingiú [fir] na cruinne

Background cosmic radiation -An radaíocht chúlra chosmach (bain)
Cosmic rays -An ga cosmach

Intergalactic medium -An meán idir-réaltrach
interstellar medium -An meán idir-réaltach
interplanetary medium -An meán idirphláinéadach
Intergalactic matter -An damhna idir-réaltrach
interstellar matter -An damhna idir-réaltach
interplanetary matter -An damhna idirphláinéadach
Intergalactic material -An t-ábhar idir-réaltrach
interstellar material -An t-ábhar idir-réaltach
interplanetary material -An t-ábhar idirphláinéadach

Nebulae (extra-galactic nebulae, emission nebula, planetary nebula) -An réaltnéal (an réaltnéal eachtar-réaltrach, réaltnéal astúcháin, réaltnéal pláinéadach)
Intergalactic clouds -Na scamaill idir-réaltracha
Molecular cloud/stellar nursery -An réaltscamall
Interstellar clouds -Na scamaill idir-réaltracha
Magellanic stream -An sruth Magellan

Novae
(supernova -An nóva [fir]
hyper nova -an t-ollnóva, an hipear-nóva (fir)
core-collapse supernova -an t-ollnóva imphléascadh
Tycho Brahe's star -an réalta Tycho Brahe
nova remnant -an t-iarsma (ollnóva)
super nova remnant -an t-iarsma (ollnóva)
hypernova remnant -an t-iarsma (hipear-nóva)
gamma-ray burst -an rois gháma-ghathach)

The galaxy (An réaltra)
Galaxy -An réaltra (bain)
Supergalaxy -An for-réaltra (bain)
galaxy group -An grúpa réaltra
galaxy cluster -An réaltbhraisle réaltrach (bain)
super cluster -?
Starcluster -An réaltbhraisle (bain), Na braisle réaltraí
Field galaxy -?
globular star cluster -An réaltbhraisle [bain] chruinneogach
loose cluster -An réaltbhraisle [bain] scaoilte
moving star clusters-na réaltbhraislí [bain] gluaisteacha
open star cluster -An réaltbhraisle [bain] oscailte
star field -An réaltréimse (fir)

Galactic system -An córas réaltrach
galactic core -An lár an Réaltra
Galactic halo -An luan [fir] an Réaltra
closed clusters: -An réaltbhraisle iata;
High-velocity clouds - Na scamaill ardluais
Magellanic Stream -An sruth Magellan
Galactic corona -An choróin réaltrach(a)
Galactic disc -An diosca [fir] réaltrach
open clusters: an réaltbhraisle oscailte
Galactic bulge -An bolg réaltrach
Galactic spheroid -An sféaróideach (fir) réaltrach
Dark matter halo -An luan damhna dorcha

elliptical galaxy (giant elliptical galaxies,) -An réaltra éilipseach (an t-ollréaltra éilipseach)
lenticular galaxy -An réaltra lionsach
spiral galaxy (barred, unbarred) -An réaltra bíseach (an bhís bharrach, an réaltra bíseach barrach)
magellanic spiral galaxy -An réaltra bíseach Magellanach?
irregular-shaped galaxy (peculiar galaxy, polar-ring galaxy) -An réaltra neamhrialta (An réaltra corr, An réaltra fáinne-polach)
dwarf galaxy (dwarf elliptical, dwarf spheroidal, dwarf irregular, dwarf spiral, Magellanic dwarf, blue compact dwarf, ultra-compact dwarf) -An t-abhacréaltra (An Scamall Mór Magellan srl)
Low-surface-brightness galaxy -?
dark galaxy -An réaltra dorcha

Starburst (blue compact dwarf, pea, luminous infrared, Wolf-Rayet) -An rois (bain)/an réaltrois?
Interacting galaxies (colliding galaxies) -Na réaltraí idirghníomhacha
Merger -?

Spiral arms -An ghéag bhíseach
Orion's Arm -An ghéag Oiríon
Local fluff -An grúpa idir-réaltach áitiúil
Gould Belt -An crios Gould
Local Bubble -An bolgán áitiúil
Perseus Arm -An ghéag Pheirséis

Galactic rotation -An rothlú [fir] réaltrach
galactic year -An bhliain chosmach

Life of a star/stellar evolution/Star formation (An éabhlóid réaltach)
giant molecular cloud/stellar nursery, protosolar nebula -An scamaill mhóilíneacha
bok globules -An cruinnín bok/an bok-chruinnín
dark nebula -An réaltnéal dorcha
solar nebula -An réaltnéal na gréine
T Tauri wind -An ghaoth T Tauri

protoplanetary nebula -An réaltnéal prótapláinéadach
planetary nebula -An réaltnéal pláinéadach
Protostar -An phrótairéalta
pre-main/initial/zero-age sequence -An príomhsheicheamh tosaigh
main sequence -An príomhsheicheamh

Sub-giant -An fo-fhathach
red giant -An fathach dearg

Stellar remnants (Na hiarsmaí réaltacha)
white dwarf -An t-abhac bán
subdwarf -An fo-abhac
black dwarf -An t-abhac dubh
Chandrasekhar limit -An teorainn (bain) Chandrasekhar

Sun sizes (Méid(anna) na ngrianacha)
super giant -An t-ollfhathach
yellow dwarf -An t-abhac buí
orange dwarf -An t-abhac oráiste
red dwarf -An t-abhac dearg
Brown dwarf, dim dwarf -An t-abhac donn

Apparent types (Cineáil d(h)ealraitheacha (na réaltaí))
Star -An réalta (fir)
Double star -An déréalta (bain), réalta dhúbailte
Triple star -An tríréalta
Physical double star -An réalta dhúbailte fhisiceach
Binary star -An déréalta (bain)
Unequal binary -An déréalta éagothrom
Optical double star -An réalta dhúbailte optúil
unequal binary -An déréalta (bain) éagothrom
unequal double star -An réalta (bain)dhúbailte éagothrom
equal double star -An réalta dhúbailte chothrom
Binary system -An córas déréalta

Special stars (Grianacha coimhthíocha)
neutron stars, binary neutron stars -An neodrónréalta, An réalta neodrónach
magnetar -'An maignitear'
soft gamma repeaters -?
anomalous X-ray pulsars -An pulsár x-ga aimhrialtach
Pulsar -An pulsár
Quark star -An chuarcréalta

Exotic phenomena (Feiniméain c(h)oimhthíocha)
Quaser -An cuasár
Microquasers -An mion-chuasár
Blazer -'An bléasár'

radio galaxy -An radairéaltra (fir)
active galaxy -An réaltra gníomhach
Relativistic jets -An scaird [bain] coibhneasaíoch

black hole -An dúpholl
event horizon -An léaslíne [bain] theagmhais
active galactic nucleus -An croí réaltrach gníomhach

Sun classification (An rangú réalteolaíocht)
Spectral type -An aicme [bain] speictreach
Population 1 ­An réaltchineál I
Population 2 -An réaltchineál II

Sun's magnetosphere (maighnéadaisféar na gréine)
Bow shock -An bogha turrainge
Magnetosheath -An maighnéadchumhdach
Magnetopause -An maighnéadstad
Magnetosphere -An maighnéadaisféar
Polar cusp -An cuspa polach
Northern tail lobe ­-An t-eireaball lóba an tuiscirt
Southern tail lobe -An t-eireaball lóba an deiscirt
Plasmasphere -An plasmaisféar
Plasma sheet -An scamall plasma?/an cumhdach plasma(ch)
Neutral sheet -An cumhdach neodrach
Magnetotail -An t-eireaball maighnéadach

Sun's magnetic field/solar magnetic field (An maighnéadach idir-réaltach)
Solar wind, stellar wind -An ghrianghaoth
Interplanetary magnetic field -Réimse maighnéadach idirphláinéadach???
Heliospheric current sheet -An sruth-chumhdach héilisféarach
Solar magnetic flux -An flosc maighnéadach grianach
Geomagnetic storm -An stoirm gheomaighnéadach
Magnetic field An réimse maighnéadach
Magnetic reconnection An t-ath-cheangal maighnéadach
Alfven waves -Na tonnta Alfvén

Solar medium (An meán grianach)
Interplanetary medium -An meán idirphláinéadach
(interplanetary dust/matter -an damhna idirphláinéadach
gas -an gás idirphláinéadach
cosmic rays -na gathanna cosmacha
hot plasma -an plasma te)

The Sun's structure (An comhdhéanamh na gréine)
Core -An croí
Radiative zone -An crios radantach
Convection zone -An crios comhiompair
Photosphere -An fótaisféar
Coronal loop -An lúb corónach

Solar atmosphere -An t-atmaisféar réaltach
(temperature minimum -an íosteocht?
the chromosphere -an crómaisféar
the transition region -an réigiún idirchreasa
the corona -an choróin,
the heliosphere) -an héilisféar)

Sun eruptions etc (Na brúchtaí [fir] gréine)
Coronal mass ejection -Teilgeadh na maise corónacha
magnetic clouds -Na scamaill maighnéadacha
Solar flare -An bhladhm
Flare emission -An t-astú bladhma
Nanoflare -An nan-bhladhm (bain?)
Granules -Gráinníní (na gréine)
Sunspot -An grianspota
Sunspot cycle -Ciogal na ngrianspotaí

Solar cycle (Ciogal [fir] na gréine]
Solar maxima -Uasghníomhaíocht [bain] na gréine
Solar minima -Íosghníomhaíocht [bain] na gréine

Features of the solar system (Gnéithe an ghrianchórais)
Asteroid belt -An crios astroideach
Kuiper belt -An crios Kuiper
Oort cloud -An scamall Oort

Mobile elements (Na gnéithe soghluaiste)
Centaur -'An ceinteár'
Trojan -'An traíoch' (fir)
Asteroid -An t-astaróideach
Comet -An coiméad
Meteor -An dreige (bain)
Meteor shower -An dreigechith (fir)

extra solar planet/wandering planet -An pláinéad fiáin
Minor planet -An mionphláinéad

_________________
__̴ı̴̴̡̡̡ ̡͌l̡̡̡ ̡͌l̡*̡̡ ̴̡ı̴̴̡ ̡̡͡|̲̲̲͡͡͡ ̲▫̲͡ ̲̲̲͡͡π̲̲͡͡ ̲̲͡▫̲̲͡͡ ̲|̡̡̡ ̡ ̴̡ı̴̡̡ ̡͌l̡̡̡̡.___