Chairde, Dia's Muire's Padraig dhaoibh!
how to say "elbow" in nominative singular (GM), "uillinn" or "uille"?
GRMA!

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Táim ag foghlaim Gaelainn na Mumhan

This word is one of the many fifth declension words whose inflection pattern is now a bit odd in Munster.

Of course the traditional system, used by older speakers, especially those in Cork, is:

Nominative: Uille
Genitive: Uilleann
Dative: Uillinn

However, as with many words, the dative replaced the nominative and in the speech of many people you would have:
Nominative: Uillinn
Genitive: Uilleann
Dative: Uillinn

However this now makes the word look like a typical second declension feminine word and so the genitive is altered:
Nominative: Uillinn
Genitive: Uillinne
Dative: Uillinn

All three systems can be found in one area. I tend to stick to the original system.

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The dialect I use is Cork Irish.
Ar sgáth a chéile a mhairid na daoine, lag agus láidir, uasal is íseal

An Lon Dubh, tuigtear dom go.
Go raibh míle maith agat!

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Táim ag foghlaim Gaelainn na Mumhan

(Ah, Mr Google strikes again. )

Perhaps you meant Tuigim anois é "I understand it now" ?

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Múinteoir Gaeilge - Irish Teacher
My "specialty" is Connemara Irish, particularly Cois Fhairrge dialect, but I can also speak Ulster and Munster Irish with native-level pronunciation.
Is fearr Gaeilge ḃriste ná Béarla cliste, cinnte, aċ i ḃfad níos fearr aríst í Gaeilge ḃinn ḃeo na nGaeltaċtaí.
Gaeilge Chonnacht (GC), go háraid Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge (GCF), Gaeilic Uladh (GU), Gaelainn na Mumhan (GM), agus Gaeilge an Chaighdeáin Oifigiúil (CO).

I do not use Google.
I've seen this phrase in the dictionary from CorkIrish.com, it means "I get the idea".

Tá Béarla á fhoghlaim agam leis!

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Táim ag foghlaim Gaelainn na Mumhan

Apologies. Translating the pronoun "that" with the relative pronoun go is a common mistake of translation programs - but I should have realised it can also be made by learning humans. My mistake, sorry. (Oddly enough running your phrase through Google produced "I understand that". )

I think the phrase you got from CorkIrish.com means literally "it is understood to me that ..." which is more like "it seems to me that ..." or "I understand that ... " (or "I get the idea that ...") where "that" is a relative particle that introduces a phrase describing exactly how you understand the situation.

The complier of the dictionary at CorkIrish.com no doubt assumed that the reader would not leave go hanging without completion.

For a positive sentence go is followed by urú (eclipsis) on the dependent form of the verb:

Tuigtear dom go bhfuil sé ró-thinn chun an obair a dhéanamh. "It seems to me that he is too sick (to do the work." "It get the impression that he is too sick to do the work."

If the ensuing phrase is negative go becomes nach:

Tuigtear dom nach bhfuil sé sásta an obair a dhéanamh.
"It seems to me that he is not willing/happy to do the work." "It get the impression that he is not willing/happy to do the work."

Tuigim anois é ! "I understand it now" could also be translated "(Now) I get it !"

Hope this helps.

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Múinteoir Gaeilge - Irish Teacher
My "specialty" is Connemara Irish, particularly Cois Fhairrge dialect, but I can also speak Ulster and Munster Irish with native-level pronunciation.
Is fearr Gaeilge ḃriste ná Béarla cliste, cinnte, aċ i ḃfad níos fearr aríst í Gaeilge ḃinn ḃeo na nGaeltaċtaí.
Gaeilge Chonnacht (GC), go háraid Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge (GCF), Gaeilic Uladh (GU), Gaelainn na Mumhan (GM), agus Gaeilge an Chaighdeáin Oifigiúil (CO).

Tuigim anois é. Tuigim anois é!

p.s. If only you know, what a trash you can get, when you translate from Russian into Irish with Google.

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Táim ag foghlaim Gaelainn na Mumhan

Ó, tuigim, ceart go leor, agus tuigtear dom go dtuigeann tusa é, freisin.

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Múinteoir Gaeilge - Irish Teacher
My "specialty" is Connemara Irish, particularly Cois Fhairrge dialect, but I can also speak Ulster and Munster Irish with native-level pronunciation.
Is fearr Gaeilge ḃriste ná Béarla cliste, cinnte, aċ i ḃfad níos fearr aríst í Gaeilge ḃinn ḃeo na nGaeltaċtaí.
Gaeilge Chonnacht (GC), go háraid Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge (GCF), Gaeilic Uladh (GU), Gaelainn na Mumhan (GM), agus Gaeilge an Chaighdeáin Oifigiúil (CO).

Insoco, out of curiosity, are there Russian books or CDs for learning Irish, or do you always have to learn through English?

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Táim ag foghlaim fós. Fáilte roimh gach aon cheartúchán.

There's a Polish book called An Ghaelainn, I think, and a course from Assimil in French, but I remember reading review (by Lughaidh I believe) which
said it wasn't that good. For Russian I'm not sure, although I've met two Russians who learnt Irish in university so perhaps there are course notes or something
available.

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The dialect I use is Cork Irish.
Ar sgáth a chéile a mhairid na daoine, lag agus láidir, uasal is íseal